macfarlane



G. T. MACFARLANE.

WINCH.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 14. L919.

Patented D60. 2, 1919. 3 suns-mun l G. T. MACFARLANE.

WINCH.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.14- 1919.

1,323,299. Patented Dec. 2,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- G. T. MACFARLANE.

wmcu. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 14. I919.

. 1,323,299. Patented Dec. 2,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

GEORGE THOMAS MAGFARLANE, OF PINNEB, ENGLAN wmcn.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 2, 1919.

Application filed January 14, 1919. Serial No. 271,178.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE THoMAs Mac- FARLANE, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at-Pinner, in.

the county of Middlesex, England, have invented Improvements in Winches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to winches, more especially to winches adapted to handle shi s cargo.

he ob ect of the inventlon is to provide a winch of this kind adapted to take up comparatively little room athwartship which,when deck space has to be consldered, is important, the improved winch being of simple construction and reliable in use.

In a winch according to the invention the driving mechanism is located opposite to the barrel. The said driving mechanism is of the differential gear ty 6. controlled by brake bands or other frictional holding means, or epicyclic gear, the arrangement being such that the winch barrel may be held against rotation in either directlon or positively rotated in either direction as desired.

Figure l is a sectional plan and Fig. 2 an end elevationshowing one arrangement of winch according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a face view of a ratchet wheel and pawls hereinafter described. I

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a brake drum with ratchet and pawl device and,

Fig. 5 is a section corresponding to the line w-m of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a plan of a compound or multiple winch arrangement, according to the invention.

Fig. 7 is a detail view to which reference will be hereinafter made.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of another form of epicyclid driving gear.

Fig. 9 illustrates in sectional elevation driving gear of the differential type according to the invention.

Figs. 10 and 11 are views illustrating a modification.

Referring to Fig. 1 the main shaft a carries the winch barrel I) located between the side frames 0 of the winch and beyond such frames the shaft is furnished with warping drums d. Parallel to the main shaft a and mounted to rotate in the same side frames 0 is a shaft 6 driven by an electric or other motor which is not shown. Freely mounted on the driving shaft 6 betweenthe side frames 0, is the planet pinion carrier 7 of eplcylic gear, the sun wheel g of which is keyed to the'shaft e. The ring of teeth into which the planet pinions h *gear is secured to a brake drum is on the boss of which is keyed a pinion m that drivesa spur wheel 0 fixedto the winch barrel b. The combined brake drum is and driving pinion m is fitted with pawls 'n that engage a ratchet wheel 7 keyed on the shaft 6. Keyed upon the boss of the planet pinion ,carrier 7 is a brake drum 1' the boss of which constitutes the male member of a friction cone clutch s the female member of Which is feathered on the shaft 6 and is adapted to be slid into and out of engagement by means of an operating hand lever t. With advantage the pawls n are held out of engagement with the ratchet teeth in one direction of rotation, by links 1?, see Fig. 3, connecting the pawls to blocks w arranged to slide in annular grooves ac formed in the ratchet wheel 2. The brake rims of the drums in and r as shown are made separate from the drum proper, annular cooling spaces being provided between the rim and drum. The brake bands may each comprise metal strips say of steel lined with Ferodo or the like-made to form a complete circle embracing the drum, one or more of the strips extending from the point where the several strips are connected together around the drum to the point of anchorage and the other or others in like manner extending around the drum but in the opposite direction to the operating lever. Preferably such brake bands are arranged within a casing that forms a continuous stop that insures re lease of the brake band at all points throughout its circumference, and with the object of facilitating such release the fixed end of the brake band is curved to correspond to the brake drum right up to its point of anchorage instead of being led in a tangential direction to said anchorage. 2 indicates a foot lever for operating the brake band of the drum '1 and 3 indicates a hand lever for operating the brake band of the drum is through a shaft 4 furnished with a weighted arm 5- that tends to keep the brakes on the drum is.

The arm 5 and lever 2 are associated with an arm I mounted to t urn about a pivot 1 and so arranged that when one lever is operated to apply the corresponding brake the other lever is raised to move the corresponding brake into an off position thereby insuring that when one brake is on the other is off.

'The pawls n and the ratchet wheel p control the speed of lowering by causing the motor to act as a brake upon the rate of the barrel rotation attaining the limit desired. If desired the brake rim of the drum is may be connected to its drum by ratchet and pawl mechanism or other free wheel device-that will allow the barrel to rotate freely in a hoisting direction even when the brake is hard on, or, for the same purpose a brake band 6 may, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, be combined with a ,pawl 7 adapted to engage teeth on the brake drum upon rotation in one direction and thereby draw the brake band tight, the pawl slipping idly over the ratchet teeth upon rotation of the drum in the other direction. 8 is a spring that controls the normal tension of the brake band and allows movement of the pawl 7 when slipping.

Fig. 7 is a section through the rim of the brake drum is showing how pawls 12 may be arranged between the toothed outer periphery of the drum is and the removable rim in addition to the pawls n. The pawls 12 engage ratchet teeth formed on the periphery of the brake drum proper in.

When the clutch s is engaged by sliding the collar engaged by the hand lever 25 the pinion carrier is held against rotation.

-The spur Wheel 0 may be fitted with a subsidiary brake rim if desired.

Upon starting the motor the driving shaft 0 rotates continuouslyand when the brake drum is is held the barrel 1) is at rest, but when the pinion carrier f is held by its brake drum 1* the combined driving pinion 'm, and brake drum is will be rotated in the opposite direction to the driving shaft e.

If, having raised the load, the pinion carrier f is released, the barrel will immediately rotate in a lowering direction but directly the speed of rotation of the combined in ternally toothed brake drum is and pinion m reaches the predetermined speed the ratchet pawls n lock it to the shaft. If it is desired to positively rotate the barrel in a lowering direction the sliding collar of clutch s is moved to operate the clutch whereupon the combined drum is and pinion m is rotated in the same direction as the driving shaft. I

The compound winch shown in Fig. 6 comprises four winches constructed and controlled as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, driven by a vertical steam engine 10 through gearing 11, the engine being preferably of the type which upon being driven by a falling load in a backward direction, acts as a brake and forces steam backwardly toward the boiler. It may be that a falling shown in the arrangement under notice will sometimes act to drive the engine backwardly and at other times assist in raising loads being lifted by the other winch or other winches of the set; or partly one and partly the other.

The winch driving gear shown in Fig. 8

does not materially differ from that shown connected to the driving pinion m and brake drum is. As in the first described arrangement of epicyclic gear the train of gear is located within a totally inclosed oil box or bath.

Fig. 9 illustrates Winch driving mechanism of the bevel pinion differential gear type. The driving pinion m is formed in one with or rigidly connected to 'one of the drivers 17 of the differential gear. The other driver 18 of such gear is keyed upon the driven shaft 6 while the idle pinions 19 of the gear are mounted in a carrier 20 that is constituted as a brake drum freely mount ed on the shaft e. Secured to the combined driver 17 and driving pinion m, is a hollow brake drum 21 that incloses the ratchet wheel 7) which is fixed to the shaft and carries pawls 01. adapted to engage the ratchet wheel The idle pinion carrier 20 is associated with a friction clutch s similarly to the planet pinion carrier of the gear already described with reference to Fig. 1. As can be seen the hollow brake drum 21 and the pinion carrier 20 are arranged to form oil boxes for the gearing. When the'clutch s is operated and the driver 18 and idle pinion carrier 20 rotate as one and drive the driving pinion m in one direction while when the pinion carrier 20 is held after release of the clutch's the driving pinion m will be rotated in the reverse direction.

Details of construction may vary without departure from the invention.

The improved winch is in some cases controlled entirely by one lever which lever may be actuated from a distance.

Fig. 10 illustrates a construction in which,

to facilitate the assembly and adjustment of the gear shown in Fig. 1 the brake drum 1', pinion carrier f, sun wheel 9, and ratchet wheel p are mounted on a" sleeve 24 separate from but keyed to the shaft 6. The pawls n-are mounted on a ring 25, see Fig. 11, formed with flats'26 that engage corresponding flat faces formed withln the brake drum is. p I

What I claim is 1. In a winch, a driving shaft constantly 65 load from one or more of the four winches running in one direction, a spur pinion mounted to freely rotate on said driving shaft, and 'epicyclic gear mounted on and driven by said driving said spur pinion, a winch barrel, a shaft located parallel to said driving shaft and on which said barrel is mounted, and a spur wheel fixed to the said barrel and engaged by said spur pinion.

2. In a winch, epicyclic driving gear, a shaft, a barrel thereon, a driving shaft on which said gear is mounted said driving shaft constantly running in one direction and located parallel to the said shaft on which the said barrel is mounted, a spur pinion mounted to freely rotate on said drivmg shaft, a spur wheel fixed to the said barrel and engaged by said spur pinion, rake drums controlling said driving gear whereby the said pinion may be held against rotation in either direction or positively rotated in either direction as desired, brake rims surrounding said brake drums, and ratchet and pawl mechanism connecting said brake drums and said brake rims so that the said pinion can rotate in a hoisting direction even if the brake is hard on.

shaft and driving 3. In a winch as claimed in claim 1 a.

brake drum provided with ratchet teeth and controlling the said driving gear, a brake band, a pawl combined with said brake band adapted to engage the said teeth on I g the said brake drum and thereby draw the said brake band tightly on the said drum upon rotation of the said drum in one di-' rection and to sli idly over the said teeth upon rotation of t e said drum. in the other direction, thereby allowin the winch barrel to rotate in a hoisting irection when the brake is on. f

4. In a winch as claimed in claim 1,

ratchet and awl mechanism for causing the winch barrel when rotating in a lowering direction to rotate the said driving shaft upon a predetermined speed being attained, the engine thereupon acting as a rake substantially as described.

5. In a winch according to claim 1, brake bands for controlling the said driving gear,

.a casing-within which each said brake band is'located that forms a continuous stop that insures release of the said brake band at all points throughout its circumference.

6. In a winch according to claim 1, differential driving gearing, means for supporting the pinions of said gearing at both their ends on opposite sides of the sun wheel, means for totally inclosing the said gearing, barrel holding and barrel hoisting brake drums, brake bands housed so that in the off position they entirely free the said brake drums while in the on position they completely encircle the said brake drums, means for artificially cooling the said drums, means for releasing the said barrel holding brake drum upon applying the said barrel, hoisting brake, means being furthermore provided for limiting the speed of the lowering to a predetermined amount as well as for progessively and positively rotating the winch barrel in an overhaulmg direction.

7 In a winch as claimed in claim 1, brake drums controlling the said driving gear, and brake bands associated with the said brake drums the fixed ends of which are curved to correspond to the curvature of the active part of the brake bands right up to the points of anchorage.

Signed at London, of December, 1918.

GEORGE THOMAS HAGFARLANE.

England, this 20th day 

